Automatic normalizing mechanism



June 5, 1945. H. M. DUSTIN ETAL 2,377,767

AUTOMATIC NORMALIZING MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES File d April 7,1941 12 Shgets-Sheet l o g o 0 AJ/a 5 6 oooo oo 50 w flir 3&5 I

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FIEJ- INVENTORS HOW/4P0 M Own/v HAPULD TAKE/FY ATTORNEYS June 5, 1945.H. M, nus-rm ETAL 2,377,767

AUTOMATIC NQRMALIZING MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed April 7,1941 12 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORS Ham/420 M Own/v Hnpom TAVEPY ATTORNEYSJune 5, 1945. H. M. DUSTIN ETAL. 2,377,767

AUTOMATIC NORMALIZING MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed April 7,1941 12 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTORS H0 w/wo M 0057/ HAPOLD TAM/52vATTORNEY5 June 5, 1945. H. M. DUSTIN ETAL AUTOMATIC NORMALIZINGMECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed April 7, 1941 Fl[5 E H/wamTAVEQY 12 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTORS H0 WAPD M 01/: 7'//V ATTORNEYb June5, 1945. H. M. DUSTIN ETAL 2,377,767

AUTOMATIC NORMALIZING MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed April '7,1941 12 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTORS Hot V4190 M Own/v fl wzp TA VERYATTORNEY l June 5, 1945. H. M. DUSTIN ETALA 2,377,767

AUTOMATIC NORMALIZING MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed April 7,1941 12 Sheet s-Sheet 6 INVENTORS Hon pp M. 00.5 77/V M42040 7 AVEEYATTORNEY June 5, 1945. H. M. DUSTIN ETAL 2,377,767

AUTOMATIC NORMALI ZING MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed April 7,1941 12 Sheets-Sheet '7 '9 70 I, A 457 /a4 447 44: w w 4 1 4% 5/ 4w FIE1E 450 2 446 FIE'IJEL INVENTORS HOW/1P0 M DUST/N HAPOLO 7/] vs?!ATTORNEY June 5, 1945. H. M. DUSTIN ETAL. 2,377,767

AUTOMATIC NORMALIZING MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed April '7,1941 12 Sheets-Sheet 8 FIE 1E v INVENTORS Hon/A120 M 0057/ HAPQD TAVEQYATTORNEYr' June 5, 1945. H. M. DUSTIN ETAL 2,377,767

AUTOMATIC NORMALIZING MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed April 7,1941 12 Sheets-Sheet 9 INVENTORS Hon A00 M DUST/N HAROLD TAVEEY ATTORNEYJune 5, 1945. H. M. DUSTIN ETAL 2,377,767

AUTOMATIC NORMALIZING MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed April '7,1941 12 Sheets-Sheet l0 g kg m% W W 4 V @N A INVLNTORS How/120 M D05 77HA 20w TA l/EPY ATTORNEYE Jfine 5, 1945. H. M. DUSTlN ETAL AUTOMATICNORMALIZING MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed April 7, 1941 12Sheets-Sheet 11 INVENTORS HOW/4P0 M 0057/ HApoLp TAms-PY ATTORNEY6 June5, 1945. H. M. ous'rm ETAL 2,377,767

AUTOMATIC NORMALIZING MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed April '7,1941 12 Sheets-Sheet l2 INVENTORS How/420 M DusrW Hxwozp T/h/A'QY cableto machines Patented June 5, 1945 AUTOMATIC NORMALIZI'NG MECHANISM FORCALCULATING MACHINES Howard M. Dustin and Calii'., assignors to HaroldT. Avery, Oakland, Marcliant Calculating Machine Company, a corporationof California Application April 7, 1941, Serial No. 387,258

' Claims.

The present invention relates to calculating machines of a type adaptedto perform automatic calculations, such as automatic division. Theparticular embodiment of the invention disclosed herein is adapted tothe commercially known Marchant calculating machine, the generalstructure of which is disclosed in the Harold T. Avery Patent Number2,216,659, issued October 1, 1940; and the tabulator mechanism of whichis disclosed and claimed in the Avery Patent Number 2,365,324, issuedDecember 19, 1944. Re!- erence is had to the above patents for acomplete disclosure of the calculating machine, including mechanisms notspecifically disclosed herein. v

It is to be understood, however, that the invention is not to beregarded as limited to application to machines or mechanisms of the typeset forth in the above patents, but is equally applihaving other formsof normalizing mechanisms which clear the registers and/or change theordinal relationship between the actuating and registering mechanisms.

In calculating machines of the general class disclosed, the dividend isentered into an accumulator register and the carriage is shifted to aselected starting position so as to allow the same to be moved step bystep from one ordinal position to the next during the divisionperformance. The divisor is set up in the keyboard and operation of themachine under control of the division control mechanism is initiated bydepression of a divsion key.

- terrupted prior to its condition the calculating machine for asubsequent calculation.

A more specific object is to obviate the necescontrolling initiation ofoperation of the means for clearing the accumulator register and thekeyboard, and the means for returning the carriage to a startingposition after a division calculation.

A further specific object is to make possible such automatic initiationof the operation of normalizing mechanisms when a computation isincompletion as well as when a computation is completed.

At the termination of the division performance the carriage isordinarily either in end position or in some other position than itsstarting position. Thus, in most cases where a repetitive series ofdivision performances are carried out. the registering mechanism isnormalized as for instance, by shifting the carriage to a startingposition before beginning each new calculation and clearing anyremainder appearing in the accumulator register. Also, the selectionmechanism, i. e. the keyboard, in which the divisor is maintainedthroughout each division performance must be cleared. Heretofore thesenormalizing operations have usually been accom plished by individuallymanipulating appropriate clearing and tabulating or shift keys or thelike to return the carriage to a starting position and to clear theselection mechanism and accumulator register.

It is therefore the general object of the present invention to reducethe number of manual operations required after one machine calculationto A still more specific object is to insure automatic initiation of theoperation of such normalizing means even when the latter ve beenadjusted so as to be incapable of manual actuation.

Another object is to provide spring actuated means for conditioning themachine for succeeding calculations, and for delaying initiation ofoperation of such conditioning means until the termination of theinstant calculation.

Another object is to provide spring means energized by the machineduring a division performance and released into operation as an incidentto termination of the division performance to effect conditioning of themachine for a subsequent performance.

Another object is to selectively render the spring means incapable ofbeing energized during a division performance.

With a machine embodying the present invention it is possible to reducethe amount of time and effort required on the part of the machineoperator in conditioning a calculating machine for a problem by reducingthe number of com trols which must be manipulated by the operator. Forthis purpose various machine conditioning mechanisms, such as theaccumulator and keyboard clearing mechanisms, as well as the tabulatormechanism, may be automatically initiated at the termination of thedivision performance so that the operator may direct his attentionmerely to the noting of the quotient and setting up of the next problemin the keyboard. That is, the carriage will be automatically shifted toa predetermined starting position and the keyboard andaccumulatorregister will be cleared to allow the dividend and thedivisor of the next problem to be set up on the machine as soon aspossible,

The present application also discloses mechanism whereby any of thevarious machine conditioning mechanisms such as the tabulator andclearing mechanisms may be controlled under a master initiating devicewith provision for selectively rendering any of those conditioningmechanisms free of operation under control of the master initiatingdevice; which is specifically claimed in the copending Avery applicationSerial Number 387,259, filed April 7, 1941.

The manner in which the above and other objects of the invention areaccomplished will be readily understood on reference to the followingspecification when read in conJunction with the accompanying drawingswheren:

Figure 1 is a plan view of the right half of a calculating machineembodying the present invention.

Figure 2 is a side view illustrating the setting clutch and controlstherefor.

Figure 3 is a side view of the main clutch and controls therefor.

Figure 4 is a side view of the restore clutch and controls therefor.

Figure 5 is a side view of the motor circuit control associated with themain clutch and the setting clutch.

Figures 6 and 7 are side views, illustrating the mechanism for dippingand latching the accumulator register driving gears with the actuatorgears.

Figure 7A is a side view of the mechanism for disabling the shiftcontrol mechanism during the last operation of the division mechanismbefore stopping and for reenabling the same Just before the machinecomes to a stop.

Figure 8 is a side view illustrating part of the division controlmechanism, particularly that utilized in connection with control of thecarriage shifting means.

Figure 9 is a side view illustrating the control of the division controlmember by the division initiatingkey, the relationship between thedivision control member and the restore clutch mechanism, and the meansoperable by the accumulator register for tripping the main clutch doglatch.

Figure 10 is a side view illustrating the stop key for interrupting adivision performance at any time.

Figure 11 is a side view illustrating the control devices forterminating an automatic division performance.

Figure 12 is a side view with certain elements in section, illustratingthe mechanism for initiating return of the carriage to a startingposition and for initiating clearance of the accumulator register andkeyboard at the termination of a division performance.

Figures 13 and 14 are similar sectional side views of the initiating keymechanisms for the accumulator and counter clearing mechanisms,respectively.

Figure 15 is a detail side view in partial section illustrating meansfor normally holding the counter clear bail in neutral position.

Figures 16 and 17 are side elevational views illustrating the keyboardclear key and the nonclear key and certain of the mechanisms controlledthereby.

Figure 18 is a detail side view of the means for rocking the latchingshaft by the non-clear key to enable latching of the accumulator and/orcounter register clear keys.

Figure 19 is a side view illustrating part of the tabulator controlmechanism.

Figure 19A is a detail side view of means for preventing automaticclearance of the counter register at the end of a division performance.

Figure 193 is a detail side view of means for preventing tripping of thetabulator mechanism in the event that a tabulated shift is attemptedwith the carriage in a position to which a depressed tabulator keycorresponds.

Figure 20 is a side view illustrating the mechanism for automaticallyclearing the keyboard at the termination of a division operation.

Figure 21 is a side view of part of the tabulator control mechanism andmeans operated thereby for rocking the clear bail shaft.

Figure 22 is a side view, partly in section, of the mechanism forclearing the accumulator and counter registers.

Figure 23 is a side view illustrating the linkage for releasing both theaccumulator and counter clear links upon depression of the non-clearkey.

Figure 24 is a side view of part of the shift control linkage.

Figure 25 is a side view, in section, illustrating an ordinal tabulatorkey and part of the keyboard mechanism.

General construction Since the machine in which the present invention isembodied in its preferred form is disclosed in detail in the abovementioned Avery Patent Number 2,216,659 only a brief description of theoperation of the same will be included herein.

The machine is of the proportional gear selective speed type whereinthere is provided a series of gear combinations (not shown) of differentgear ratios in each order. The usual banks of keys I00 (Figure 1) areprovided, one for each order, to selectively effect connection of one ofthe gear combinations, depending on the value of a key depressed, to acyclically operable main clutch 428 (Figure 3) and thereby transmitrotation to a series of ordinally positioned drive gears I" (Figure 6).During actuation, intermeshing gears 213 and 2" supported on rods 210and I'll, respectively, carried by the carriage and aligned with thevarious ordinal gears I89 are entrained with these gears to transmitrotation to accumulator dials 219 forming an accumulator register Ill(Figure 1). As disclosed in the above mentioned Avery patent, tens carrymechanism (not shown) of the duplexing type is provided to effect tenstransfer.

The ratios of the various above mentioned gear combinations are suchthat, for each cycle of operation of the machine, the dials 219 willeach be driven at a rate of speed proportionate to the value of thedepressed key I00 in line therewith plus an added increment of one tenthof the amount of rotation of the next lower order dial. Duringsubtractive operations the direction of rotation is opposite to thatwhich is effected during additive operation but in either case the speedis the same when the selection is the same. Thus, during each cycle ofoperation of the main clutch 428 an amount corresponding to the amountset up in the keyboard will be entered additlvely or subtractively intothe accumulator register Ill and, through mechanism not shown, thenumber of cycles of operation of the main clutch in each carriageposition will be entered into a counter register 1814 also carried bythe carriage so that during division the counter register I814 serves toregister the quotient of a problem.

Engagement of the main clutch is eifected by a setting clutch 430(Figure 2) keyed on a setting control keys such as the division key 910,and the add bar 800 (Figure 1), and when so engaged effects certainpreliminary operations incident to the commencement of a calculationunder power of the driving motor (not shown) besides causing engagementof the main clutch to effect actuation.

The setting clutch is normally held disengaged by a clutch dog 394(Figure 2) which is keyed on a rockable shaft SM and is urged clockwiseby a spring 522 tensioned between the machine frame and the dog so as tourge its rightmost end, as viewed in Figure 2, into its illustratedposition wherein it seats in one of a pair of notches formed in theclutch 430 and holds the clutch disengaged from the motor drive.

To permit operation of the setting clutch by any one of severaloperation control mechanisms, a depressible operating bar 503 isprovided which is supported by a parallel link arrangement comprising alever 504 pivoted to the machine frame at 508 and a plate 505 pivoted tothe frame at 501. A spring 5I0 tensioned between the machine frame-workand the lever 504 normally maintains the bar in its illustrated raisedposition. A bell crank 5l2 pivoted to the plate 505 at 5I3 is normallyheld by means of a tension spring 5I8, extending between the bell crank5I2 and the bar 503, in a position wherein a notch formed on the lowerend thereof embraces an ear III on the clutch dog 394 so that upondepression limit this clutch to a single cycle of operationregardless ofhow long the bar 503 is held depressed.

Rocking of the setting clutch dog 384 effects closing of the motorcircuit by virtue of engagement thereof with an car 409 (Figure 5)formed on a lever 398 pinned to a shaft 388. The shaft 388 has a lever391 pinned thereto (see Figure 22) which, upon being rocked clockwise asby the setting clutch dog 394, engages an ear 384 on a second lever 385pivoted on the shaft 388 and normally held in its illustrated positionby a f lower roller 148 mounted on a lever 148 pivoted spring 392tensioned between the second lever and the machine frame. The lever 385is connected through a pin and slot connection 381 with a motor switchoperating arm 388 which is effective, upon being rocked from itsillustrated position by the arm 385, to close the driving motor circuit.

Main clutch control on the setting shaft I and engages a cam folontheshaft 5M and spring urged into engagement with the cam. Aninterponent 803 is pivotally mounted at 804 on the lever 148 and isnormally held in the position illustrated in Figure 3 by a tensionspring 8I3 extending be tween ears formedon the interponent and thelever 148, respectively. The interponent 8|3 has a tip 8I5 which isadapted to engage a notch 8I8 on the main clutch idog'385 and thereby,when the shaft 43I is rotated, rock the dog 395 out from whichever notchin the main clutch 428 it was seated and thereby enable the main clutchto transmit rotation from the motor drive to the actuator mechanismincluding the gears I89 (Figure 6).

To provide for continued multicyclic operation of the main clutch incertain calculations, as for example division, a latch 832 (Figure 3) isprovided which is pinned to a rockable shaft 828 and urged clockwise byspring 833 into engagement with an ear 820 on the clutch dog 395. Whenthe clutch 'dog 395 is rocked clockwise in division and certain othercalculations a roller 834 mounted on the upper end of the latch 832moves into latching engagement with the under edge of ear 820 andthereby holds the main clutch dog 395 from moving into engagement withthe main clutch 428.

The main clutch dog 395 also maintains the motor circuit completedduring operation of the main clutch 428. Upon rocking of the dog 395 toeffect engagement of the main clutch an extension 408 thereon (Figure 5)engages an ear 401 on the aforementioned lever 398 to rock this leverclockwise and thereby rock the switch control arm388 (Figure 22) in thesame manner as was described in connection with the control of arm 388by the setting clutch dog 394 to complete the motor circuit.

It will be noted that the main clutch dog 395 is rocked clockwise toeffect engagement of the main clutch before the clutch dog 394 isallowed to seat in one of the notches in the setting clutch 430 so thatthe lever 388 and shaft 388, and consequently the switch control arm388, will be held rocked in a position to maintain the motor circuitclosed throughout both the setting clutch cycle and the ensuing mainclutch cycle or cycles without interruption.

Dipping of accumulator register Upon rotation of the setting shaft 43Iand in advance of actuation by the main clutch 428, the variousaccumulator drive gears 2' (Figure 6) carried by the shiftable carriage250 (Figure 1) are enmeshed with the aligned actuator drive gears I88,described hereinbefore, this being accomplished by cams, one of which isshown at 814, keyed on the setting shaft 43 I.

The various sets of gears 2H and 213, as well as other elements (notshown) of the accumulator register, are carried on a series of plates288 all pivoted by means of a rod 282a to the main body or the carriageand all are connected at their rightmost ends, as viewed in Figure 6, toa common bail 289.

The means for raising and lowering the bail 288 to effect engagement anddisengagement of the various gears 21I and I89 comprises a pair oflinks, one of which is shown at 588, slidable over pins 581 on spacedframe plates of the machine. Each link is provided with rollers 588engaging the bail 288 on opposite sides thereof and is urged upwardly bya spring 589 tensioned between the links and a pin on'the'machine frame.The links III are pivoted at I12 to cam follower levers I'll rockable ona shaft 225, the levers I'll having rollers I13 engaging the cams 574 sothat upon rotation of the shaft I, the followers 510 and links "I aremoved to positively pull down the ball 2" against, the action of thespring 589.

Means are provided to latch the accumulator register in its lowerposition during actuation. This means includes latch levers IIl pivotedat 516 to the machine frame and urged by springs 519 into latchingengagement with ears I" on the cam follower levers I". When the variousplates 268 and the mechanism carried thereby are dipped the ears illride over the noses ill of the latch levers Ill and are latchedtherebeneath, thus retaining the gears I'll in mesh with the actuatorgears I" until termination of operation of the main clutch at which timethe latches I" will be released as will be described presently.

Referring to Figures 6 and 7, the means for releasing the latches I'llcomprises levers Ill pinned on a rockable shaft coaxial with a shaft III. On one of the levers NO is a stud I" engaged by an arm I" pinned toshaft Ill. Also pinned to shaft SM is an arm I engagedby an ear Ill onan arm 59! pivotally supported on a shaft Ill and provided with anextension adapted to be engaged by a roller 5 carried by a supportingdisc 'IOIA which is fixed to a sleeve rotatably mounted on a shaft 9.This sleeve Ill is driven by a separate clutch which is operated only asan incident to termination of main clutch operations and is known as therestore clutch.

When the main clutch dog III is moved to stop and disengage the mainclutch I (Figure 5) the restore clutch 1" (Figure 6) to be describedhereinafter, starts operation and rotates the disc 100A (Figure 7).Movement of the roller I" rocks the lever It! clockwise to rock thelever 584 and so rock lever "I, which engages the pin 535 on thejuxtaposed lever Ill. Lateral extensions 583 on the levers I" engage androck tails formed on the latches 815 releasing the ears I18 and allowingthe springs I", under control of the restore clutch, to return theaccumulator register mechanism to an upper position.

The sleeve 594 of the restore clutch 100 carries a cam 598 (Figure 6)which is employed to prevent the carriage from rising too rapidly underthe action of the springs 8" whenever the latches 575 are released. Thecam Ill is engaged by a cam follower lever 88! fixed to a rockable shaft800. A pair of arms I" also fixed to the shaft 600 are joined by pin andslot connections In to the links 588 so that the rate of rise of thecarriage under the pull of spring I" is no greater than that permittedby rotation of the cam Ill.

Restore clutch The restore clutch 1 (Figures 4 and 6), besides effectingrelease of the carriage latch levers 515 and controlling the rate ofreturn of the bail 269 and parts of the accumulator register to theirupper positions also conditions certain of the division controlmechanism, as will appear hereinafter, under the section entitledDivision control. The restore clutch is Jointly controlled by theaccumulator register dipping mechanism and by the main clutch dog insuch a way that whenever the accumulator register is in its lowerposition and the main clutch dog I" is seated in the notch of the mainclutch, the restore clutch will engage and complete one cycle ofoperation.

The restore clutch is similar in construction to that disclosed in thepatent to Friden Number 1,643,710, issued September 27, 1927, and isdirectly controlled by an extending nose Ill (Figure 4) on a clutchrelease dog in the form of a bell crank 05 which i freely supported onthe shaft "0. An M-shaped lever "I is provided to control the clutchrelease dog I and has one foot thereof pivotally mounted on the shaft"I. A short arm I04 extending from the lever "I is provided with a tenonon which is positioned a compression spring 108 extending between thearmlill and the left arm of the clutch release dog 5.

An arm I22 keyed to the shaft Ill, and thus rocked by dipping movementof the carriage, is connected to the M-shaped lever ll! by a combinedcompression expansion link unit "I, as disclosed in detail in the abovementioned Avery Patent 2,216,659. The link unit "I is composed of a pairof links H5 and III, the former pivoted at one end thereof on a studmounted on the arm 122 and the latter link HI pivoted at one end thereofon a stud extending from the lever Ill.

The two links slide relative to each other and have elongated slots atthe free ends thereof each slidable over the pivotal studs for the otherlink. A compression spring H4 is inserted in a pair of coextensiveapertures formed in the two links, being positioned over opposed tenonsextending from each link, and opposes any attempt to lengthen or shortenthe link unit beyond its normal length illustrated in Figure 4.

Now, at the start of a calculation, and as the setting clutch isrotated, the main clutch dog I" is withdrawn from contact with the mainclutch and an extension 408 of the dog "I is withdrawn from beneath alatch lever llll pivoted to the machine frame and urgedcounter-clockwise by a spring H1 tensioned between the latch lever andthe machine frame. The latch 10! is therefore rocked counter-clockwiseand an ear Ill thereon is rocked into a notch l l 9 formed in theM-shaped member 103 to prevent counter-clockwise movement of lever '03until the main clutch has been disengaged by reseating of its dog I" inone of the full cycle notches of the clutch I. The lowering of theaccumulator register mechanism (Figure 6), however, tends to engage therestore clutch even before the main clutch engages and a secondrestraining means is provided to prevent this operation.

The left foot of the lever 103 is provided with a shelf over-lying oneend of a bell crank III, pivoted on the shaft 6| I, and having a roller10! at the other end thereof in engagement with a cam I08 keyed on thesetting shaft I. On rotation of the setting clutch, therefore, the bellcrank 12! is rocked to raise the lever llll and thus insure that the earH8 of the latch member 10! will be able to engage the notch H8 properlywhen the main clutch is engaged. As the setting clutch continues througha single cycle of operation the cams 514 (Figure 6) effect dipping ofthe accumulator register mechanism and, consequently, the shaft 600 isrocked counter-clockwise. Therefore, the arm 12! (Figure 4) keyed to theshaft 600 is lowered and the link unit 123 is lengthened against theopposition of its spring H4. The parts remain so positioned with thespring H4 compressed until the main clutch dog 395 is permitted toreseat in a notch of the clutch I28 whereupon the extension "I thereonstrikes the ear I I 0 of the latch lever 10! rocking it clockwise andremoving its lug H! from the notch HI of the lever 103. Spring 1 thexpands shortening the link unit 1123 and rocking the member 103counter-clockwise to carry the left leg (Fisure 4) of lever 103 downagainst the leftwardly extending arm of the bell crank 405 to rock thislever counter-clockwise and remove the nose 102 thereon from engagementwith the restore clutch 100, thereby enabling the clutch to becomeengaged.

Operation of the restore clutch, thus initiated, causes the latches 515(Figure 6) to be released in the manner disclosed in connection withFigure 7 and controls the rate of rise of the links 556 through the cam596, as previously described, enabling the springs 559 to rock the shaft800 and arm 122 (Figure 4). This movement of arm 122 tends to compressthe spring 114 which, being stronger than the spring 105, transmits arocking movement to the link 123 and lever 103 .to compress the'spring105 until the nose 102 of the restore clutch dog 405 can reenter into anaperture of the housing of the restore clutch 100, whereupon the restoreclutch becomes disengaged and the mechanisms are brought to rest in theposition illustrated in Figure 4.

The restore clutch dog 405, when moved counter-clockwise to effectengagement of the restore clutch 100, causes the motor circuit to beclosed. This is accomplished by the leftwardly extending arm of the dog405 (see Figures 4 and which engages the ear 401 on the lever 396 androcks the shaft 306, levers 391 and 385, and the motor circuit switcharm 398 in the same manner as does the main clutch dog 395. To insurethat the motor circuit is held closed throughout the period in which theaccumulator register is held dipped, a lever l60l (Figure 22) is keyedto the shaft 600 and has an ear I602 which, when the accumulator isdipped and the shaft 600 (Figure 22) rocked counter-clockwise, engagesthe ear 394 of lever 395 to insure that the switch arm 308 maintains themotor circuit closed.

Division control As disclosed in detail in the above mentioned AveryPatent 2,216,659, division is performed by setting up the dividend inthe accumulator register 318, as by the usual adding operation, and thensetting up the divisor in the keyboard, and depressing thedivision/initiating key 910 (Figures 1 and 11). The machine thereuponcarries out automatically the operation of dividing the divisor into thedividend and registering the quotient in the counter register I814carried by the shiftable carriage 250. The operation consists ofsuccessive subtractions of the divisor from those digits of the dividendwhich are registered in orders of the carriage aligned with the portionof the selecting mechanism containing the divisor, and which may b/ecalled the "effective dividend. As the carriage is automatically shiftedto the left. additional dividend digits in the accumulator register aresuccessively brought into alignment with the part of the actuatormechanism con trolled by the portion of the keyboard upon which thedivisor is set until the carriage reaches its leftmost position. Sincethe construction and operation of the division control mechanism isdescribed in detail in the above Avery Patent Number 2,216,659 only thatpart thereof which coacts with the mechanism of the present inventionwill be described herein.

The division initiating key 910 (Figure 11) is mounted on a key stem 911supported by a pair of parallel levers 912 and 913 pivotally mounted onthe machine frame. A roller 914 on the bottom end of the key stem 91!normally lies in front of a division control member 915 (see Figure 9).The member 915 is pivotally mounted on a shaft 915 and is urgedclockwise by a strong spring 911 tensioned between an arm formed on themember 915 and a pin on the machine frame-work.

When the division key is depressed the roller 914 passes beneath theface 918 on the lever 915 allowing the spring 911 to rock the member 915clockwise until a roller 919 at the top of the member 915 strikes themain operating bar 503 (Figure 2) and, as described hereinbefore,depresses the bar to effect engagement of the setting clutch 430. As thekey 910 is depressed to its lowermost position against the action of atension spring (not shown) an extension 980 (Figure 11) on the lever 913is brought into alignment with a notch 98! on a latch 982, at which timethe latch 982 is rocked by a tension spring 983, until this notchengages the extension 980 on the lever 913 to maintain the division key910 depressed.

The setting clutch 430 (Figure 2), upon being initiated into operationby the division control member 915, will effect operation of the mainclutch 429 (Figure 3), as previously disclosed, and the spring 593 willbecome active to hold the latch 532 in latching engagement with the mainclutch dog 395 to enable multicyclic operation of the, main clutch. Theactuator mechanism including the gears I89 (Figure 6) are conditioned tooperate in a subtractive direction by the depression of the division by910 (in a manner not shown) so that the divisor set up on the keyboardwill be subtracted one or more times from the dividend appearing in theaccumulator register.

During rotation of the active accumulator register dials 219 (Figure9) asnail cam 28! connected to each of the dials will be rotated in aclockwise direction, and a cam follower 315 pivoted on the rod 212 andfollowing its respective cam by means of a roller 3| 0 will depress ashelf formed on a sensing lever 9M pivotally supported at 902, thusrocking the lever 901 clockwise. A foot 905 on one or more of the levers90l is normally engaged during division by a sensing bail 901 pivoted at942 to the machine frame and urged clockwise by a spring 944 tensionedbetween the machine frame and an arm on the bail 901. A link 2H5 isconnected between an arm on the bail 901 and a lever 2H8 pivoted at 2H9to the machine frame. The lever 2| I8 is connected through a pin andslot connection to an arm 2120 pinned on a shaft 2l2i.

Referring to Figure 3, a bell crank 2013, also pinned on the shaft 2I2l,has a leftwardly extending arm underlying an ear 2l24 of the main clutchdog latch 832, so as to engage and rock the latch 632 out from under themain clutch dog 395 upon tripping of the bail 901 by the 2,216,659, whenthe remainder in the accumulator dials is reduced to approximatelyone-half of the divisor, the cam 291 in the controlling order of theaccumulator will have forced its cam follower M5 and, consequently thecorresponding sensing lever to a position wherein the foot 909 on thesensing lever 90i passes above the rightwardly extending finger of thebail 901, permitting the spring 944 to rock the bail 901 clockwise andeffect release of the latch 002 (Figure 3) to stop the main clutch.

It will be recalled that the main clutch dog 395 (Figures 4 and 5), whenrocked home by its spring 6I2, will trip the latch "I and allow the nowextended link unit 120 to contract and rock the lever 100 and therestore clutch dog 405 counter-clockwise and enable engagement of therestore clutch.

During the restore clutch cycle and while the accumulator register isbeing raised, a link 040 (Figure 9) is moved to the left by a cam 040driven by the restore clutch 100. A lever 041 pivoted on the shaft 010and pivotally connected to the link 040 is' rocked counter-clockwise.This lever 041 has a notched bell crank I042 pivotally mounted thereonand adapted to engage an ear I021 extending from the division controlmember 015. A second bell crank I044, freely mounted on the shaft 010,has one end thereof provided with an elongated slot embracing a pin I040on the bell crank I042. A spring I045 tensioned between the other end ofthe bell crank I044 and the frame holds the bell crank I 042 in positionto engage the extension ear I021 during the first part of the movementof the cam 040 (providing the division control member 015 has beenrocked clockwise of its illustrated position by spring 011), but causesthe bell crank I042 to be rocked counter-clockwise relative to the lever041 upon continued movement of the cam 040 (if the member 015 ismaintained in its illustrated position) so as to override and miss theear I021.

The division control member 015 is plvotally connected at I005 to a linkI054 (Figures 8, 9, and 12) urged counter-clockwise relative to themember 015 by a tension spring I054a extending between the link and themember 015. Link I 054 has a shoulder I055 adapted to engage an ear I056on a bell crank I051 pivoted on a pin 0 and normally held in itsillustrated position by a tension spring I004 extending between the bellcrank and the machine frame. An ear I050 (see also Figure 2) on the bellcrank I051 overlies the setting clutch operating bar 500. When themember 015 is first rocked clockwise upon depression of the division key010, the link I054 is carried thereby to allow the shoulder I055 to dropto a position behind the ear I 050 on the bell crank I051. Now, upon thesucceeding restore clutch cycle, the cam 040 (Figure 9) causes themember 015 to be rocked counter-clockwise back to its original positionand during this time the shoulder I 055 of the link I054 engages the earI058 to rock the bell crank I051 clockwise against the action of thespring I004, causing the ear I050 to depress the setting clutchoperating bar 500 (Figure 2) and initiate a "corrective cycle asdescribed in detail in the above mentioned Avery Patent Number2,216,650, to correct for an overstroke if such has occurred. Means (notshown) are provided to release the link I 054 from engagement with theear I050 of the bell crank I051 during the succeeding setting clutchcycle so as to allow the parts to return to their illustrated position.

When the division control member 015 is rocked counter-clockwise by theaction of the restore cam 040, link 040, lever 041, and the bell crankI042, it is retained in a leftward position by'a latch lever I050(Figure 0) which is pivoted at the left thereof (in a manner not shown)to the machine frame and is spring pressed downward to engage an earI052 on the division control member. After completion of the correctivecycle and during the subsequent carriage shift the latch I050 isreleased, as will be described presentlv, to allow the spring 011 toagain rock the division control member 015 clockwise so as to initiate anew division operation in the new carriage position. It should be notedthat the division key 010 (Figure 11) is still maintained in a depressedposition at this time by the latch 002 and will, therefore, notinterfere with the clockwise rocking movement of the division controlmember 015.

Carriage shift control in division A complete disclosure of the carriageshifting mechanism and controls therefor will be found in theaforementioned Avery patent, but will be briefly outlined herein toillustrate the connection thereof with the mechanism of the presentinvention.

Shifting of the carriage to the right or to the left is effected undermotor power by rocking a control lever I000 (Figure 24) about its pivotIO0I to one side or the other of its illustrated neutral position so asto engage one or the other of two ratchet discs I000 and I005 of areversibly operable planetary carriage shifting mechanism. The controlmember I 000 is connected through a resilient connection I010 to a linkI014 pivoted on a member I015 rockable on a shaft I010 and is normallyheld in its neutral position by a centralizer lever I4I0 pivoted atI4Ila to the machine frame and urged counter-clockwise by a centralizerspring I400 tensioned between a machine frame stud HM and an ear I402 onthe centralizer lever I4I0. The centralizer I 4I0 has 'an ear I4I0thereon engaging the lever I015 above the shaft I010 and also has anadjustable projection I4I0 secured thereon and engaging the lever I015below the shaft I010.

An ear I004 (see also Figure 8) is adapted to be engaged by a hookformed on a floating dog I000 pivoted on a lever I000 which is alsopivoted on the shaft I010.

When the division key 010 (Figure 9) is depressed, an ear 01Ia thereonengages the leftmost end of the dog I000 and rocks the samecounterclockwise until it hooks the ear I004. A floating shift controllever I011 i pivoted at I010 to the lever I 000 and the leftmost endthereof, as viewed in Figure 8, is weighted so that it tends to rockcounter-clockwise about its pivot I010.

At the end of a division operation in a partic ular carriage position,the floating carriage shift control lever I011 is moved to the left, asviewed in Figures 6 and 8, to initiate a carriage shift to the left.During the division operation in a certain carriage position an ear I005on one of the cam followers 510 is moved to the right of its positionillustrated in Figures 6 and 8 by virtue of the dipping movementimparted to the links 550 by the cam followers 510 when rocked by thecams 514 so that the weighted left end of the lever I011 will rock thelever counter-clockwise until the notch I000 formed by a shoulder I005on the right hand edge thereof embraces the ear I000. Now, as the finalrestore clutch cycle ensues, enabling the springs 500 to lift the links500 and rock .the cam followers 510 counter-clockwise, the floatinglever I011 is shifted to the left by the ear I000 and the dog I000 islikewise shifted to the l ft through the action of the lever I000. Sincethe dog I000 is at this time hooked over the ear I004 (Figures 8 and 24)of the shift link I014, the shift control memb'er I000 will be rocked toengage the ratchet wheel I305 of the planetary carriage shift mechanismto effect a leftward shift of the carriage.

It should be understood that the above carriage shifting operation takesplace at theend of the final restore clutch operation in each carriageposition following the restorative cycle instead of at the end of thefirst restore clutch operation. This is effected by reason of the factthat the division control member 915 is allowed to be held in aclockwise position by its spring 911 (in which case the roller I065thereon engages the under surface I318 of the shift control lever I311to hold the same rocked to position the notch I390 thereof below thepath of movement of the ear I386) until'after the restore clutch hasoperated sufiiciently to allow the cam follower lever 510 to be rockedcounter-clockwise and thereby move the ear I386 to substantially itsillustrated position wherein it cannot engage the notch I390 and shiftthe floating lever I311, During the restore clutch cycle following therestorative cycle, however, the division control member 915, beinglatched in its counter-clockwise rocked position by the latch I050, isineffectiv to prevent initiation of the carriage shift.

During the initial shift cycle one of a pair of rollers I363 (Figure 8)placed diametrically opposite each other on a disc I382, which isrotated by a shaft I33I connected to the planetary shift mechanism,rocks a lever I355 pivoted to the frame stud I35I against the action ofa, spring I359, and a pin I356 on this lever engages and rocks a bellcrank I381 pivoted to the machine frame at I388. A shelf I389 extendingfrom the bell crank underlies the latch I050 and the leftmost end of thelink I311 so that the lever I311 will be rocked from engagement with theear I 386 to limit the shift operation to one step, and the latch I050will be raised to release the division control member 915 which willthen be free to rock toward the right to initiate the division operationin the new carriage order.

During the carriage shifting operation, the motor circuit is held closedby the shift centralizing arm I (Figures 8 and 24). The lower end ofcentralizer lever MM is connected by a pivot pin II to link I4I2 (seealso Figure 22) which is also connected by a pivot pin 403 to a bellcrank 402 pivotally supported by the machine frame and, in turn,connected by means of a link 404 to the combined interlock and motorcircuit operating lever 391 pinned on the shaft 386. Thus, as thecentralizer lever IMO is rocked clockwise by the lever I380, regardlessof which direction this latter lever is rocked, the link I4I2 will bepulled to the left effecting a clockwise rocking movement of the lever391 which engages and rocks the lever 385 to operate the motor circuitarm 388 and close the motor circuit.

Termination of operation in division The above repetitive tour ofoperations is repeated in each successive carriage position until thecarriage reaches its leftmost position when further operation of thecarriage shifting mechanism is prevented and the machine is bought to astandstill. As the carriage moves into its leftmost position, aprojection I510 (Figure 11) carried by the right hand carriage plate250a strikes the under surface of an inclined cam face I51I formed onthe lever I512 so as to rock the lever counter-clockwise against theaction of a tension spring I513 extending between the lever I512 and themachine frame.

During division operation, with the carriage in its leftmost position,the division key will be unlatched and permitted to rise. A leftwardlyextending arm of the lever I512 underlies an ear I081 on the upper endof a bell crank I068 pivoted at I089 to the division key latch 982. Whenthe lever I512 is rocked counter-clockwise by the carriage, the bellcrank I068 is rocked by a spring I010, extending between the bell crankand part of the division key latch 982 to hook a leftward extensionthereof around the ear I058 of the bell crank I051 (Figures 11 and 12).This bell crank, it will be recalled, is rocked by the link I054,connected to the division control member 915, during the first restorecycle in each order for the. purpose of initiating a corrective settingclutch cycle. If the end of the bell crank I068 be hooked over theextension I056during such rocking, the bell crank I068 will be pulled tothe left rocking the latch lever 982 counter-clockwise about itssupporting shaft I222 to release the lateral extension 980 of the lever913 and permit the division key 910 to be raised by a suitable spring(not shown).

A division operation may be terminated at the conclusion-of operation inany carriage position by a single depression of the stop key 985 leavinga quotient digit in that order accurately registered, or it may beterminated at once by two successive depressions of the same key whichmay possibly leave an inaccurate quotient digit in the counter. The stopkey 985 (Figure 10) is slidably supported upon pins extending from themachine frame and is provided with an offset 988 which overlies a leverI015 pivoted to the frame and connected by a pin and slot connectionwith a. lever I018 pivoted on a shaft I088 and connected by means of asleeve I016a (Figure 11) with abell crank I011 which is normally urgedin a clockwise direction by a tension spring I018 extending between thebell crank I011 and the machine frame. Upon depression of the stop key985 the bell crank I011 is rocked in a counterclockwise direction and alink I019 pivotally connected thereto and normally urged upwardly by aspring I080, extending between a pin on the machine frame and the linkI019, is moved to the right. The link I019 carries a shelf I084engageable with a tail I086 of the division key latch 982 and is limitedin its upward travel under tension of spring I080 by an ear I085 formedon a lever I081. The lever I081 is pivoted on the shaft I222 whichcarries the division key latch 982, and has but a limited swingingmovement relative to this latch so that for the present purpose it maybe considered as an integral part of the latch. Upon depression of thestop key 985 the link I019 is moved to the right carrying its shelf I084against the lower end of the tail I086 of the division key latch 982.This swings the division key latch 982 counter-clockwise releasing thedivision key to rise slightly until its roller 914 (Figure 9) engagesthe underside 918 of the division control member 915.

Being released from the latch 982, the division key 910 is permitted torise as soon as the divisioh control member 915 has been moved to theposition in which it is shown in Figure 8. This occurs during the nextcycle of operation of the restore clutch and the roller 914 of thedivision key stem is then brought into blocking relation with the member915 preventing operative movement thereof. As the division key rises,roller 914 thereon first moves in front of member 915 and then raisesear I098 (Figure 8) on the latch member I050 to release member 915 fromthe latch,

leaving it restrained by roller I14 alone and ready for operation upondepression of the key.

A second depression of the stop key after the latch 982 has been trippedalso moves the link I019 to the right. It will be recalled, however,that upon the first depression of the stop key the latch 382 was movedin a counter-clockwise direction. Thus, the lever I001 was swung upwardly and its ear I085 permitted the link I018 to rise under the actionof its spring I080. This rise of the link I 010 is sufncient to causeits right hand end to engage an ear 2I20 on an extension of a lever 2II1 fixed to the shaft 526 upon the second depression of stop key 305.

Referring to Figure 3, it will be recalled that the latch 632 is alsofixed to the shaft 625 so that movement of this shaft by the link I013will effect release of the main clutch dog 305 and thus immediatelyarrest operation of the main clutch, and a restore clutch operation willensue.

The mechanism which is operated by the restore clutch for normallycausing engagement of the shift clutch at the end of the operation ineach order is disabled by the rise of the division key so as to notinterfer with the operation of the automatic clearance and return shiftmechanism described hereinafter.

A lever I255 (Figure 7A) is fixed to the same shaft I256 which carriesthe lever I028 (Figure 11) connected to the division key linkage 060 and913 described hereinbefore. The lever I255 carries a latch I24I (Figure7A) which is urged counter-clockwise about its pivot stud I253 by aspring I243, so that upon depression of the division key and consequentclockwise rocking of shaft I256 and lever I255, the latch I24I is movedtoward the right from above an ear I244 formed on an arm I229 of a bailassembly freely pivoted on the shaft I222, and the spring rocks the leftend of the latch I24I down and immediately to the right of the ear I244.This bail assembly of which the arm I229 is a part is urged clockwiseabout the shaft I222 (Figure 7A) by a spring I235 its movement in thatdirection being limited by engagement of an arm I223 of the bailassembly with an ear I240 on a member of the addition mechanism notshown. An ear I230 is formed on a second arm I22I of the aforesaid bailassembly and underlies a lever I23I, freely pivoted on a stud I232, andprovided with a portion I233 underlying the left end of the shiftcontrol link I311 (see also Figure 6).

The arrangement of the above described mechansim is such that when thedivision key is released and permitted to rise upon depression of thestop key or operation of the end position mechanism describedhereinbefore, the shaft I255 and lever I255 are rockedcounter-clockwise. The left end of latch I24I lies substantially againstthe right side of ear I244 at this time so that upon counter-clockwiserocking of shaft I256, the latch pushes ear I244 toward the left androcks the bail assembly counter-clockwise. The resulting upward movementof the ear I230 rocks the lever I23I upwardly, whereupon the lug I233 onthe latter lever engages the lower surface of the shift control leverI311 and rocks the same upwardly or clockwise about its pivot stud I 310(Figure 6). This moves the right end of the shift control lever down andout of the path of the ear I388, so that leftward movement of the latterduring the restore clutch cycle will not be effective to actuate theshift control link I311.

Since the link I311 must be freed so as to 15 permit operation thereoffor controlling the shift mechanism in other calculations, the abovemechanism is adjusted to permit return of the link I311 to activeposition soon after the ear I306 has passed above and past the shoulderI305 on the right end of link I311.

This release is effected during the restore clutch cycle following therise of the division key, this usually being referred to as the "secondrestore clutch cycle which controls the operation of the followingmechanism. As described in the Avery Patent Number 2,216,659, a leverI246 (Figure 7A) is rocked counter-clockwise under control of the lrestore clutch cam 596 (Figure 6) and the linkage including link I1I3.Lever I240 carries an interponent I241 (Figure 7A) which, upon suchcounter-clockwise rocking of lever I240, moves upwardly, whereupon ashoulder I240 of the interponent engages an ear I25I on the latch I2 androcks the latter upwardly to the position shown, to release the ear I244from restraint of the latch and to permit return of the bail assemblyand lever I23I to the position shown. During the latter part of theupward movement of the interponent after the latch I24I has released earI244, a portion of the interponent engages the shaft I222 and rocks theinterponent counterclockwise about its pivot stud thereby removing theshoulder I248 from beneath ear HM and releasing latch I24I for downwardmovement under urge of the spring I243 until blocked in the positionshown by ear I244.

During each restore clutch cycle the cam 535 actuates the lever I246 asdescribed above, but so long as the division key is in depressedposition, the shaft I256 and lever I255 (Figure 7A) are held in theirextreme clockwise position and latch I24I stands in a position down andto the right of that in which it is shown, therefore upward movement ofthe interponent I241 is ineffective throughout all restore clutch cyclesin a division calculation except the one following the release of thedivision key. The interponent is also ineffective in the "first restoreclutch cycle in which the division key is released since release of thekey is timed to occur subsequent to the upward movement of theinterponent.

When the division key rises following restoration of the divisioncontrol lever 315 (Figure 9) by operation of the restore clutch throughwhat is known as first restore cycle, the shaft I258 is rockedcounter-clockwise and latch I2 is moved leftwardly against ear I 244 torock arm I229 and thereby disable the shift control lever I311 asdescribed in detail hereinbefore, so that no shift operation will beinitiated by operation of the restore clutch during what is known as thesecond restore cycle. The cam 596 (Figure 6) which normally initiates ashift operation by controlling the movement of ear I305 and the shiftcontrol lever I311 also controls the rocking movement of the lever I246and the mechanism for reenabling the lever I311. The timing of themovement of these two mechanisms is such that before the interponentI241 moves the latch I24! upwardly far enough to release ear I244, theear I303 (Figure 6) moves over the top of the shoulder I385 of the shiftcontrol link I311. After such movement the shift disabling mechanismdescribed in detail above is released from restraint of the latch I24!and returns to the position shown to reenable the shift control linkI311 so that it may subsequently initiate an automatic shiftingoperation as described hereinbefore.

